This following content is a transcript from Site Reliability Engineering with some, maybe none, personal adjustments.
Provisioning combines both change management and capacity planning and it must occur quickly and only when necessary, as capacity is expensive.
This exercise must also be done correctly or capacity doesn’t work when needed. Adding new capacity often involves spinning up a new instance or location, making significant modification to existing systems (configuration files, load balancers, networking), and validating that the new capacity performs and delivers correct results. Thus, it is a riskier operation than load shifting, which is often done multiple times per hour, and must be treated with a corresponding degree of extra caution.